Silicon Nanopowder for Battery Applications ( Si, 99.9+%, 100 nm)

Technical Specification:

1. Material Composition:
   • Chemical Formula: Silicon (Si)
   • Purity: ≥ 99.9%
     • High purity ensures minimal impurities, critical for consistent performance in battery systems.
2. Particle Properties:
   • Particle Size: 100 nm
     • Nano-scale particles offer a high surface area, enhancing reactivity and electrochemical performance.
   • Morphology: Spherical or near-spherical particles for uniform dispersion and packing efficiency.
   • Specific Surface Area: ~30–50 m²/g (varies with processing).
3. Physical Properties:
   • Density: ~2.33 g/cm³
   • Thermal Expansion: High expansion capability, a key characteristic for battery applications.
   • Electrical Conductivity: Moderate intrinsic conductivity, often combined with conductive additives for optimal battery use.
4. Electrochemical Performance:
   • Theoretical Capacity: ~4,200 mAh/g
     • Offers significantly higher capacity compared to traditional graphite anodes (~372 mAh/g).
   • Coulombic Efficiency: High initial efficiency when prelithiated or coated.
   • Cycling Performance: Enhanced with surface modifications, binders, or composites to reduce volume expansion effects.
5. Compatibility:
   • Designed for use as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
   • Can be used in combination with graphite to form silicon-carbon composites.

Applications:

1. Primary Applications:
   • Anode Material in Lithium-Ion Batteries:
     • Replacing or supplementing graphite anodes to achieve higher energy densities.
2. Industries:
   • Electric Vehicles (EVs):
     • Increases battery capacity and driving range while reducing battery size.
   • Portable Electronics:
     • Powers next-generation smartphones, laptops, and wearables with extended battery life.
   • Energy Storage Systems (ESS):
     • Used in renewable energy integration and backup power systems.
   • Aerospace and Defense:
     • Critical for lightweight, high-capacity energy storage systems.
3. Advantages for Applications:
   • High Energy Density:
     • Enables batteries with smaller footprints and longer runtimes.
   • Nano-Scale Benefits:
     • Enhanced reactivity and faster lithium-ion diffusion.
   • Potential for Fast Charging:
     • Supports rapid charge/discharge cycles.
   • Customizability:
     • Easily modified or integrated into composite materials for tailored applications.
4. Challenges and Solutions:
   • Volume Expansion:
     • Silicon expands by ~300% during lithiation, leading to structural degradation. Solutions include:
       • Forming silicon-carbon composites.
       • Using binders and electrolyte additives to stabilize cycling.
   • Conductivity:
     • Moderate intrinsic conductivity; requires conductive additives like graphene or carbon black for optimal performance.
5. Specialized Uses:
   • Next-Generation Batteries:
     • Advanced LIBs for aerospace, medical devices, and high-performance EVs.
   • Research and Development:
     • Exploration of silicon nanostructures for solid-state and high-performance battery technologies.

Summary:

Silicon Nanopowder (Si, 99.9+%, 100 nm) is a cutting-edge material designed for high-capacity lithium-ion battery anodes. Its exceptional energy density and nano-scale advantages make it a critical component in EVs, portable electronics, and renewable energy systems. Proper integration strategies mitigate challenges such as volume expansion, unlocking its full potential for next-generation energy storage applications.