Boron Doped Graphene Nanopowder (B/G)

Technical Specification:

1. Material Composition:
   • Base Material: Graphene.
     • Composed of single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets.
   • Dopant: Boron (B).
     • Boron atoms are integrated into the graphene lattice, enhancing its properties.
   • Doping Level: Typically 1–10 at%, depending on synthesis method and application requirements.
   • Purity: Typically ≥99%.
     • Ensures minimal impurities for high performance.
2. Physical Properties:
   • Form: Black powder.
   • Particle Size: Nano-scale, typically <100 nm.
   • Surface Area: High specific surface area, often 200–1000 m²/g.
   • Layer Structure: Few-layer graphene with boron uniformly doped.
3. Electrical and Thermal Properties:
   • Electrical Conductivity:
     • Enhanced electrical conductivity compared to pristine graphene due to doping effects.
   • Thermal Conductivity:
     • Excellent, suitable for heat dissipation applications.
4. Chemical Properties:
   • Bandgap Modulation:
     • Boron doping introduces p-type semiconducting behavior, making it suitable for electronic applications.
   • Chemical Stability:
     • High resistance to oxidative degradation.
5. Packaging:
   • Typically supplied in sealed containers, ranging from 1 g to 1 kg or more, depending on application needs.

Applications:

1. Primary Applications:
   • Energy Storage Devices:
     • Used in electrodes for lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells to enhance charge transfer and storage capacity.
   • Catalysis:
     • Acts as a catalyst or catalyst support in chemical reactions, including oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) in fuel cells.
   • Electronic Devices:
     • Applied in transistors, sensors, and other electronic components requiring semiconducting properties.
2. Industries:
   • Electronics:
     • Used in next-generation electronic devices for semiconducting and conductive components.
   • Energy:
     • Integral to advanced batteries, supercapacitors, and hydrogen production systems.
   • Aerospace:
     • Lightweight and thermally conductive material for structural and functional applications.
   • Chemical Processing:
     • Serves as a catalyst in industrial chemical reactions and environmental remediation.
3. Advantages for Applications:
   • Enhanced Conductivity:
     • Boron doping improves charge carrier mobility and p-type behavior.
   • Chemical Functionality:
     • Functional groups introduced by boron doping enhance interaction with other materials.
   • Thermal Stability:
     • Excellent resistance to high temperatures, making it ideal for demanding environments.
   • Versatility:
     • Suitable for a wide range of advanced applications in electronics, energy, and catalysis.
4. Specialized Uses:
   • Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR):
     • Serves as a metal-free catalyst for ORR in fuel cells.
   • Photocatalysis:
     • Enhances light absorption and catalytic activity in solar-driven chemical processes.
   • Sensors:
     • Increases sensitivity and specificity in gas and chemical detection.
   • Nanotechnology:
     • Used as a building block for advanced nanostructures and composites.
5. Challenges and Mitigation:
   • Cost:
     • Synthesis of boron-doped graphene can be expensive.
       • Solution: Use in applications where its unique properties are critical to justify cost.
   • Complex Processing:
     • Requires precise control of doping levels and uniformity.
       • Solution: Employ advanced synthesis techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or plasma-enhanced methods.
   • Stability in Some Environments:
     • May require surface modifications for specific applications.
       • Solution: Functionalize or coat with protective layers for enhanced stability.

Storage Guidelines:

• Temperature: Store in a dry, cool place, away from direct sunlight.
• Container: Use airtight containers to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.
• Handling: Use appropriate safety equipment to avoid inhalation or skin contact with nanomaterials.

Summary:

Boron-Doped Graphene (B/G) Nanopowder is a cutting-edge material with enhanced electrical, thermal, and catalytic properties. Its applications span energy storage, catalysis, and electronics, making it a key component in next-generation technologies. Proper handling, storage, and application techniques ensure optimal performance in industrial and research settings.